Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: November 2006 Title: Significant topographic changes in the United States Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data Online_Linkage: http://topochange.cr.usgs.gov/index.php Description: Abstract: The U.S. Geological Survey has developed a national inventory of significant topographic changes based on seamless multitemporal elevation data and land cover data. The National Elevation Dataset (NED) and the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) data form a unique pair of seamless elevation datasets that can be used to detect and analyze 20th century topographic surface changes in the United States. The primary types of topographic changes resulting from human geomorphic activity include surface mining, road construction, urban development, dam construction, and landfills. Purpose: The need for more comprehensive information on the nature and extent of recent human geomorphic activity led to a spatial emphasis for the first ever accounting of topographic change across the United States. Historical NED data values were subtracted from the recently collected SRTM data to determine significant topographic changes. The National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD) provided land cover information at a 30-meter resolution that matched the NED and SRTM data. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 1931 Ending_Date: 2000 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -127.403979 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -65.781197 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 51.197333 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 24.158520 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword: elevation Theme_Keyword: digital elevation model Theme_Keyword: National Elevation Dataset Theme_Keyword: NED Theme_Keyword: Shuttle Radar Topography Mission Theme_Keyword: SRTM Theme_Keyword: topography Theme_Keyword: topographic change Theme_Keyword: change detection Theme_Keyword: land change Theme_Keyword: landscape change Theme_Keyword: anthropogenic Theme_Keyword: geomorphic change Theme_Keyword: land transformation Theme_Keyword: surface mining Theme_Keyword: road construction Theme_Keyword: urban development Theme_Keyword: dam construction Theme_Keyword: landfill Theme_Keyword: reservoir construction Theme_Keyword: land surface Theme_Keyword: land cover change Theme_Keyword: land use change Theme_Keyword: human impacts Place: Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: CONUS Access_Constraints: Any acquisition or use of these data signifies a user's agreement to comprehension and compliance of the USGS Standard Disclaimer. Ensure all portions of metadata are read and clearly understood before using these data in order to protect both user and USGS interests. Please refer to http://www.usgs.gov/privacy.html for the USGS disclaimer. Use_Constraints: Although the USGS is making these data available to others who may find the data of value, USGS does not warrant, endorse, or recommend the use of these data for any given purpose. The user assumes the entire risk related to the use of these data. USGS is providing these data "as is", and USGS disclaims any and all warranties, whether expressed or implied, including (without limitation) any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. In no event will USGS be liable to you or to any third party for any direct, indirect, incidental, consequential, special, or exemplary damages or lost profits resulting from any use or misuse of these data. Acknowledgement of the U.S. Geological Survey would be appreciated in products derived from these data. Any user who modifies the data is obligated to describe the types of modifications they perform. User specifically agrees not to misrepresent the data, nor to imply that changes made were approved or endorsed by the USGS. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Dean Gesch Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Research physical scientist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Earth Resources Observation and Science Center Address: 47914 252nd Street City: Sioux Falls State_or_Province: South Dakota Postal_Code: 57198-0001 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 605-594-6055 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 605-594-6529 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gesch@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://topochange.cr.usgs.gov/results.php Data_Set_Credit: U.S. Geological Survey Security_Information: Security_Classification: Unclassified Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 3; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.0.1770 Data_Quality_Information: Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: National Elevation Dataset (NED) and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) Quantitative_Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 2.44 meters Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation: NED root mean square error (RMSE) vs. National Geodetic Survey control points (GPS on bench marks) Quantitative_Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 3.53 meters Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation: SRTM root mean square error (RMSE) vs. National Geodetic Survey control points (GPS on bench marks) Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: June 2003 Title: National Elevation Dataset (NED) Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data Other_Citation_Details: Gesch, D.B., 2007, Chapter 4 - The National Elevation Dataset, in Maune, D., ed., Digital Elevation Model Technologies and Applications: The DEM Users Manual, 2nd Edition: Bethesda, Maryland, American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, p. 99-118. Online_Linkage: http://ned.usgs.gov/index.asp Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: June 2003 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: NED Source_Contribution: U.S. Geological Survey Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency Originator: NASA/JPL Title: Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) Other_Citation_Details: Farr, T.G., Rosen, P.A., Caro, E.; Crippen, R., Duren, R., Hensley, S., Kobrick, M., Paller, M., Rodriguez, E., Roth, L., Seal, D., Shaffer, S., Shimada, J., Umland, J., Werner, M., Oskin, M., Burbank, D., and Alsdorf, D., 2007, The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission: Reviews of Geophysics, 45, RG2004, doi:10.1029/2005RG000183. Online_Linkage: http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/srtm/index.html Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: February 2000 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: SRTM Source_Contribution: National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency NASA/JPL Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 2001 Title: National Land Cover Dataset 1992 (NLCD) Other_Citation_Details: Vogelmann, J.E., Howard, S.M., Yang, L., Larson, C.R., Wylie, B.K., and van Driel, N., 2001, Completion of the 1990s National Land Cover Dataset for the conterminous United States from Landsat Thematic Mapper data and ancillary data sources: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 67, no. 6, p. 650-662. Online_Linkage: http://landcover.usgs.gov/natllandcover.php Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1992 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: NLCD Source_Contribution: U.S. Geological Survey Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: G-polygon Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 8958 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Map_Projection: Map_Projection_Name: Albers Conical Equal Area Albers_Conical_Equal_Area: Standard_Parallel: 29.500000 Standard_Parallel: 45.500000 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -96.000000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 23.000000 False_Easting: 0.000000 False_Northing: 0.000000 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.000000 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.000000 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Altitude_System_Definition: Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988 Altitude_Distance_Units: meters Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: topo_change_polygons Attribute: Attribute_Label: FID Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Shape Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry. Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features. Attribute: Attribute_Label: AREA Attribute_Definition: Area in square meters Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: square meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: PERIMETER Attribute_Definition: Perimeter in meters Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: NUM_PIXEL Attribute_Definition: Number of 1-arc-second pixels from NED and SRTM Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: count Attribute: Attribute_Label: NED_MIN Attribute_Definition: NED minimum elevation Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: NED_MAX Attribute_Definition: NED maximum elevation Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: NED_RANGE Attribute_Definition: NED range of elevations (max. elev. minus min. elev., or relief) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: NED_MEAN Attribute_Definition: NED mean elevation Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: NED_STDDEV Attribute_Definition: NED elevation standard deviation Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: NED_SUM Attribute_Definition: NED sum of elevations Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: SRTM_MIN Attribute_Definition: SRTM minimum elevation Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: SRTM_MAX Attribute_Definition: SRTM maximum elevation Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: SRTM_RANGE Attribute_Definition: SRTM range of elevations (max. elev. minus min. elev., or relief) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: SRTM_MEAN Attribute_Definition: SRTM mean elevation Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: SRTM_STDDV Attribute_Definition: SRTM elevation standard deviation Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: SRTM_SUM Attribute_Definition: SRTM sum of elevations Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIFF_MN_EL Attribute_Definition: Difference in mean elevation (SRTM minus NED) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: PCTCHNG_EL Attribute_Definition: Percent change in mean elevation Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: percent Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIF_RELIEF Attribute_Definition: Difference in relief (SRTM minus NED) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: PCTCHG_RLF Attribute_Definition: Percent change in relief Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: percent Attribute: Attribute_Label: NLCD_CLASS Attribute_Definition: Land cover class number (from NLCD) Attribute_Domain_Values: Codeset_Domain: Codeset_Name: NLCD land cover class definitions Codeset_Source: http://landcover.usgs.gov/classes.php Attribute: Attribute_Label: N_SLP_MIN Attribute_Definition: NED minimum slope Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: N_SLP_MAX Attribute_Definition: NED maximum slope Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: N_SLP_RNGE Attribute_Definition: NED range of slopes (max. slope minus min. slope) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: N_SLP_MEAN Attribute_Definition: NED mean slope Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: N_SLP_STDV Attribute_Definition: NED slope standard deviation Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: S_SLP_MIN Attribute_Definition: SRTM minimum slope Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: S_SLP_MAX Attribute_Definition: SRTM maximum slope Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: S_SLP_RNGE Attribute_Definition: SRTM range of slopes (max. slope minus min. slope) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: S_SLP_MEAN Attribute_Definition: SRTM mean slope Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: S_SLP_STDV Attribute_Definition: SRTM slope standard deviation Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: NED_ASP_MD Attribute_Definition: NED median aspect Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: degrees (clockwise from north) Attribute: Attribute_Label: SRTM_ASPMD Attribute_Definition: SRTM median aspect Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: degrees (clockwise from north) Attribute: Attribute_Label: SUM_DIFF Attribute_Definition: Sum of elevation differences (SRTM minus NED) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIF_MN_SLP Attribute_Definition: Difference in mean slope (SRTM minus NED) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: degrees Attribute: Attribute_Label: CHNG_TYPE Attribute_Definition: Topographic change type Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Cut Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Decrease in elevation (removal of material) Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Fill Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Increase in elevation (addition of material) Attribute: Attribute_Label: MINE_BUFFR Attribute_Definition: Proximity to surface mine Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Mine Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Mapped surface mine (majority land cover class number 32 from NLCD) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: http://landcover.usgs.gov/classes.php Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Yes Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Within a 500 meter buffer of another topographic change polygon that is located on a mapped mine location in the NLCD Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: No Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Not within a 500 meter buffer of another topographic change polygon that is located on a mapped mine location in the NLCD Attribute: Attribute_Label: RESOLUTION Attribute_Definition: Resolution of the NED source data Attribute_Domain_Values: Codeset_Domain: Codeset_Name: NED Data Dictionary Codeset_Source: http://ned.usgs.gov/downloads/documents/NED_DataDictionary2006.pdf Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 3 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: 3 arc-seconds (approximately 90 meters) Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 10 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: 10 meters Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 13 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: 1/3 arc-second (approximately 10 meters) Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 30 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: 30 meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: PDEVICE Attribute_Definition: Production device for the NED source data Attribute_Domain_Values: Codeset_Domain: Codeset_Name: NED Data Dictionary Codeset_Source: http://ned.usgs.gov/downloads/documents/NED_DataDictionary2006.pdf Attribute: Attribute_Label: PMETHOD Attribute_Definition: Production method for the NED source data Attribute_Domain_Values: Codeset_Domain: Codeset_Name: NED Data Dictionary Codeset_Source: http://ned.usgs.gov/downloads/documents/NED_DataDictionary2006.pdf Attribute: Attribute_Label: S_DATE Attribute_Definition: Date of the original aerial photography, survey data, or map for the NED source data Attribute_Domain_Values: Codeset_Domain: Codeset_Name: NED Data Dictionary Codeset_Source: http://ned.usgs.gov/downloads/documents/NED_DataDictionary2006.pdf Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: year (format is either YYYY or YYMM) Attribute: Attribute_Label: I_DATE Attribute_Definition: Inspection (production) date for the NED source data Attribute_Domain_Values: Codeset_Domain: Codeset_Name: NED Data Dictionary Codeset_Source: http://ned.usgs.gov/downloads/documents/NED_DataDictionary2006.pdf Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: year (format is either YYYY or YYMM) Attribute: Attribute_Label: QUADDATE Attribute_Definition: Date on which the NED source data was first processed into the NED Attribute_Domain_Values: Codeset_Domain: Codeset_Name: NED Data Dictionary Codeset_Source: http://ned.usgs.gov/downloads/documents/NED_DataDictionary2006.pdf Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: year (format: YYYYMMDD) Attribute: Attribute_Label: QUADNAME Attribute_Definition: Name of the USGS 7.5-minute (1:24,000-scale) topographic quadrangle map associated with the NED source data Attribute_Domain_Values: Codeset_Domain: Codeset_Name: NED Data Dictionary Codeset_Source: http://ned.usgs.gov/downloads/documents/NED_DataDictionary2006.pdf Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: text (format: place_name_ST) Attribute: Attribute_Label: DIF_MD_ASP Attribute_Definition: Difference in median aspect (SRTM minus NED) Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: degrees (clockwise from north) Attribute: Attribute_Label: VOLUME_M3 Attribute_Definition: Volume of material removed or deposited in topographic change Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: negative value = "cut" (decreased elevation; material removed) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: cubic meters Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: positive value = "fill" (increased elevation; material deposited) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: cubic meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: ABS_VOL_M3 Attribute_Definition: Absolute value of volume of material removed or deposited in topographic change Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: cubic meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: AREA_SQ_KM Attribute_Definition: Area in square kilometers Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: square kilometers Attribute: Attribute_Label: AREA_SQ_MI Attribute_Definition: Area in square miles Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: square miles Attribute: Attribute_Label: AREA_ACRES Attribute_Definition: Area in acres Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: acres Attribute: Attribute_Label: AREA_HECT Attribute_Definition: Area in hectares Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: hectares Attribute: Attribute_Label: VOLAREA_RT Attribute_Definition: Volume-area ratio Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Ratio of topographic change volume (cubic meters) to polygon area (square meters) Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: This dataset contains a total of 8,958 polygons. Of this total, 3,103 polygons represent "holes" in other polygons, and these hole polygons have all attributes with a value of zero or a blank. This leaves 5,855 polygons that delineate the areas of significant topographic changes in the conterminous United States, and these polygons have valid attribute values. The number of distinct areas of topographic change is 5,263, but some of these areas cross topographic quadrangle map boundaries. The polygons that cross map boundaries were split into two (or more) adjoining polygons so that the unique attributes of the map-based DEMs could be retained and attached to the topographic change polygons. This splitting and attributing procedure resulted in 592 additional polygons, thus the total of 5,855 features in this dataset (as compared to the number of 5,263 features in the original topographic change polygon dataset). Note that the following attributes refer to each of the individual 5,855 polygons (including those split along quad map boundaries): FID, AREA, PERIMETER, RESOLUTION, PDEVICE, PMETHOD, S_DATE, I_DATE, QUADDATE, and QUADNAME. All other attributes refer to the values for the original 5,263 distinct topographic change area polygons before any splitting along quad map boundaries. Thus, for those adjoining polygons along quad map boundaries, all attributes except those listed above have the identical values as the adjacent polygon. Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Customer Service Representative Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: USGS Earth Resources Observation & Science (EROS) Center Address: 47914 252nd Street City: Sioux Falls State_or_Province: SD Postal_Code: 57198-0001 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 605-594-6151 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-800-252-4547 Contact_TDD/TTY_Telephone: 605-594-6933 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 605-594-6589 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: custserv@usgs.gov Hours_of_Service: 0800 - 1600 CT, M - F (-6h CST/-5h CDT GMT) Contact_Instructions: The above is the contact information for the USGS Earth Resources Observation & Science (EROS) Center in Sioux Falls, SD. This is a digital data storage and distribution center for the USGS. Resource_Description: Downloadable Data Distribution_Liability: The U.S. Geological Survey gives no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of these data. It is strongly recommended that these data are directly acquired from a USGS server and not indirectly through other sources which may have changed the data in some way. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the utility of the data on another system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. This disclaimer applies both to individual use of the data and aggregate use with other data. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Transfer_Size: 9.861 Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20090423 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Dean Gesch Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: USGS Earth Resources Observation & Science (EROS) Center Address: 47914 252nd Street City: Sioux Falls State_or_Province: SD Postal_Code: 57198-0001 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 605-594-6055 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gesch@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time Metadata_Security_Information: Metadata_Security_Classification: Unclassified Metadata_Extensions: Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile